Dông-Son (Indonesian period)

Designates the prehistoric period (4th to 1st centuries BCE) and culture of the Indochina region of Southeast Asia. Stylistic developments of this period are generally viewed as the basis of the civilization of the region and are later modified by Indian and Chinese influences. The period is most noted for the development of large stone monuments as religious shrines. Bronze works flourished in this period and feature ritual kettle drums, household wares, masks cast by the cire perdue method, ceremonial axes made as emblems of power, and elaborate drum designs of varied sizes. Bronze productions were often adorned with human and animal relief patterns that mimicked designs woven into textiles. The spiral was a popular motif in this period, appearing as decorative touches on textiles and bronzes.